What the two tables answer
A tithi is one 12° segment of the Moon’s apparent geocentric longitude relative to the Sun. The Positional Astronomy Centre’s Rashtriya Panchang explanation defines the same angular rule and distinguishes each tithi’s ending moment from its sunrise-day assignment. Its published name list supplies the spellings used here.
The sunrise table is tied to the entered coordinates; the changeover table is geocentric and its UTC instants are the same everywhere. Both displays use the entered offset for local clock labels. If a tithi begins and ends between two sunrises, the second table still lists it. Read the sunrise and skipped-tithi method →